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Blog, para el estudio, la publicación, la investigación, la asesoría y la consulta médica,prevención, diagnóstico, tratamiento de las enfermedades alergicas, el asma, la inmunología y la pediatría global en niños y adultos. En Venezuela e internacionalmente. Blog for the study, publication, research, assesment and the consultancy of medical prevention, diagnosis, treatment of the allergic diseases: asthma,immunology and pediatrics in children and adults in Venezuela and world-wide.

Friday, June 10, 2016

ECCEMA / DERMATITIS / DERMATITIS ATOPICA / ERASMUS WILSON SYNDROME / PIEL / MUCOSAS.

LENGUA, CODOS, RODILLAS, AXILAS, PIES, GENITALES, ESOFAGO...VIRUS. BACTERIAS. HONGOS. PARASITOS. ALERGIAS. GARRAPATAS. GENETICA. DISFUNCION DEL SISTEMA INMUNOALERGICO. MANEJE EL DIAGNOSTICO DE DERMATITIS ATOPICA, con sumo cuidado!

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Eccema

Otros nombres: Dermatitis

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Introducción

Eccema es un término que designa varios tipos distintos de hinchazón de la piel. También se llama dermatitis. La mayoría de los tipos causa sequedad y comezón en la piel, además de sarpullido en la cara, al interior de los codos y detrás de las rodillas; y en las manos y los pies. Rascarse la piel puede enrojecerla, aumentando la hinchazón y picazón.
El eccema no es contagioso. La causa es desconocida. Es probable que sea causada por factores genéticos y ambientales. El eccema puede mejorar o empeorar con el tiempo, pero a menudo es una enfermedad de larga duración. Las personas que la padecen también pueden desarrollar fiebre del heno y asma.
El tipo más común de eccema es la dermatitis atópica. Es más común en los bebés y los niños, pero también puede afectar a los adultos. A medida que los niños con dermatitis atópica crecen, el problema puede mejorar o desaparecer. Pero a veces la piel puede permanecer seca e irritarse fácilmente.
Los tratamientos pueden incluir medicamentos, cremas para la piel, terapia de luz y un buen cuidado de la piel. Usted puede prevenir algunos tipos de eccema, evitando:

Las cosas que irritan la piel, como ciertos jabones, telas y lociones
El estrés
Las cosas que le causan alergia, como ciertos alimentos, el polen y los animales

NIH: Instituto Nacional de Artritis y Enfermedades Musculoesqueléticas y de la Piel

Comience aquí

Dermatitis atópica - Enciclopedia Disponible en inglés
Dermatitis atópica (Centro Nacional de Eccema para la Ciencia y la Educación)
Eccema y dermatitis atópica (Academia Americana de Médicos de Familia) Disponible en inglés
¿Qué es la dermatitis atópica? (Instituto Nacional de Artritis y Enfermedades Musculoesqueléticas y de la Piel) Disponible en inglés

Últimas noticias

Relacionan el agua de llave 'dura' con el eczema en los bebés (03/06/2016, HealthDay)

Diagnóstico y exámenes

Erupciones cutáneas leves y otros cambios en la piel (Academia Americana de Médicos de Familia) Disponible en inglés

Viviendo con...

Cuidados personales para la dermatitis atópica - Enciclopedia Disponible en inglés
Puntos claves de terapia para pacientes con dermatitis atópica (Organización Nacional Judía de la Salud)
Receta de baño de lejía para afecciones cutáneas (Academia Estadounidense de Alergias, Asma e Inmunología)

Asuntos relacionados

Afecciones de alergia cutánea (Academia Estadounidense de Alergias, Asma e Inmunología) Disponible en inglés
Erupción cutánea - Enciclopedia Disponible en inglés

Asuntos específicos

Dermatitis exfoliativa - Enciclopedia Disponible en inglés
Dermatitis seborreica - Enciclopedia Disponible en inglés
Eccema dishidrótico - Enciclopedia Disponible en inglés
Eccema numular - Enciclopedia Disponible en inglés
Queratosis pilar - Enciclopedia Disponible en inglés

Niños/as

Eccema (Fundación Nemours) Disponible en inglés
Eczema (Academia Americana de Pediatría) Disponible en inglés
Salpullidos infantiles: Eczema (Academia Americana de Pediatría)

Adolescentes

Todo sobre el eccema (Fundación Nemours) Disponible en inglés

Tema Imagen

Monday, June 6, 2016

Influenza / Flu / Grippa / Gripe

<h1>Health Check: is man flu real?</h1>

<a href="http://theconversation.com/profiles/sergio-diez-alvarez-220902">Sergio Diez Alvarez</a>, <a href="http://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-newcastle">University of Newcastle</a>

“Man flu” is a colloquial term based on the idea that men respond to symptoms of the common cold so exuberantly it is interpreted as the more severe and life-threatening influenza. Possibly they do it to get attention from loved ones.

<a href="http://uncyclopedia.wikia.com/wiki/Man_flu">Descriptions of classic symptoms</a> of this common affliction range from inability to move off the bed or couch (whichever is nearest the television) to the more serious “losing the ability to do anything except groan in agony and claw at the uninfected”.

But is there any scientific evidence to support its widespread use in popular parlance?

<h2>Evidence from the social sciences</h2>

In 2015, the <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214804314001189">Personality and Health Satisfaction Project</a> data suggested men cope less well than women when confronted by more than one physical illness.

Thus it is possible men and women have a different threshold for perceiving symptoms, especially when clustered as in the common cold. This was supported by <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8424180">research</a> from the University of Glasgow. This suggested men may report symptom severity differently from women – with men being more likely to overrate their symptoms.

Psychologically speaking, men may be less “in touch” with their biofeedback signals (the body letting itself know how it’s feeling). That leaves them unable to interpret the severity of symptoms when they’re sick.

<h2>What basic science says</h2>

In 2010, a group from Cambridge University <a href="http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/277/1691/2247">published seminal work</a> on the evolutionary basis for gender differences in the immune system. They propose, since males were more likely to be required to devote disproportionate levels of physiological resources to survival while foraging for food for the family, they would have to accept a weaker immune system and thus be more susceptible to infections.

There are physiological explanations for the male-female divide in variations of the immune system.

<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2696846/">Researchers have found</a> oestrogen, the main female hormone, has a role in modulation of immunity. This is evidenced by the higher numbers of women with auto-immune conditions such as multiple sclerosis, where the immune system has been inappropriately activated and is causing self-harm. Recently, oestrogen <a href="http://ajplung.physiology.org/content/early/2015/12/17/ajplung.00398.2015.full.pdf+html?">has been associated with</a> an increased ability to affect viruses by impairing their ability to reproduce.

<figure class="align-right zoomable">
<a href="https://62e528761d0685343e1c-f3d1b99a743ffa4142d9d7f1978d9686.ssl.cf2.rackcdn.com/files/124552/area14mp/image-20160531-13790-11nqhrr.png"><img alt="" src="https://62e528761d0685343e1c-f3d1b99a743ffa4142d9d7f1978d9686.ssl.cf2.rackcdn.com/files/124552/width237/image-20160531-13790-11nqhrr.png"></a>
<figcaption>
Men have an impaired response to viruses.
<a class="source" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/ivegotmytorch/15507108533/in/photolist-pCiZ7e-A8zQK-7dN7g4-6rHGTC-bC7CSH-6K3TzU-9C4mwK-9C7fcQ-9WSnkL-r3AYqG-5ank8R-b7d9wi-dJfFfg-6BWdK3-h6aa2C-eTmTmp-e4feAH-74b3i1-cyHFah-6bwE2r-eh2Hg3-9jpQKH-b6rwd2-jKqSEy-eKshWD-7cTgLq-bpcNEq-9xG6x3-68AEgk-7GKVyd-9C7czo-6zjRtx-9cS8gL-cBbQgq-9C75qb-bsteTn-e1iD6a-4yuRkE-6v5Qj8-8vWZCZ-q1S5Fq-7fQBPa-amqf3B-b9xbdZ-cAqe29-adPa5t-6oeCP8-9C4nwz-c15nZd-dptfKk">Born under a bad song/Flickr</a>, <a class="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC BY</a>
</figcaption>
</figure>

Men also have an impaired response to viruses. In 2014, <a href="https://iths.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/systems-analysis-of-sex-differences-reveals-an-immunosuppressive-">influenza vaccine research</a> showed the main male hormone testosterone enhances the action of a set of genes that impair the body’s capacity to fight off viruses.

<a href="http://www.news-medical.net/health/Hypothalamus-Males-and-Females.aspx">Research suggests</a> males have larger pre-optic areas in the brain, which is the area involved in the production of fever during inflammatory illnesses. Perhaps this could mean men have stronger inflammatory responses when ill? There is no epidemiological data, however, to show difference in temperature trends during influenza among men and women.

Studies in experimental animal studies of severe bacterial infections show the innate immune response (the body’s first defence against infectious attack) is more robust in females. They have higher production of cytokines, the molecules the immune system uses to create inflammation. It is <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17452928">not clear</a> if this extends to viral illnesses.

This highlights a key gap in the literature: if man flu exists, is it because men have a more prominent response to viruses in terms of symptoms? Or a weaker immune system?

<h2>Prevalence studies</h2>

Data gathered from a wide group of community-based general practitioners in Australia is used to collate the <a href="http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/cda-cdi3401b.htm">annual report of the Influenza Surveillance Scheme</a>. In 2008, the last year a collated annual report is available, men presented to general practice with equal frequency as women for laboratory-proven influenza throughout the year.

<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15000556">Hospital data</a> in a younger cohort showed boys between the ages of 15 and 25 years were less likely than girls (with the reverse in younger children) to be admitted to hospital with respiratory tract infection.

The <a href="http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/DetailsPage/3303.02008?OpenDocument">Australian Bureau of Statistics</a> showed that, in 2008, the standardised death rate from influenza and pneumonia was higher among the fairer sex.

While it has yet to become a formally diagnosable condition, there is increasing research to support the view that man flu is likely to be a real entity – reassuring indeed.

<img alt="The Conversation" height="1" src="https://counter.theconversation.edu.au/content/59909/count.gif" width="1" />

<a href="http://theconversation.com/profiles/sergio-diez-alvarez-220902">Sergio Diez Alvarez</a>, Director Of Medicine, The Maitland and Kurri Kurri Hospital, <a href="http://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-newcastle">University of Newcastle</a>

This article was originally published on <a href="http://theconversation.com">The Conversation</a>. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/health-check-is-man-flu-real-59909">original article</a>.

Thursday, June 2, 2016

Fumar / Tabaco / Cigarrillo / Mascada de tabaco.